3 Revenue and expenses

PolyPeptide generates revenue that can be divided into the three business areas described below:

Revenue by business area

Custom Projects business area specializes in the manufacturing of custom research-grade peptides and oligonucleotides, in milligram, gram or pilot scale quantities, at predefined purity levels for use in pre-clinical and clinical development as well as for regulatory and scientific studies. Custom Projects also provides cGMP manufacturing services during the later phases of development. Revenue is allocated to Custom Projects for sales of products in the pre-clinical through clinical stage development (i.e., prior to commercial launch) as generally set out in master service agreements and/or the accompanying work / purchase orders.

Contract Manufacturing business area manufactures peptides for commercial stage peptide therapeutics, at scale, in commercial batches and in accordance with cGMP requirements. The Group’s Contract Manufacturing services also include consultation for continuous improvement and process stabilization / optimization to support scale-up, process changes to support cost of goods sold enhancement, lifecycle management and extension as well as regulatory support. Revenue is allocated to Contract Manufacturing where production is related to the commercial supply of products, including the production of commercial generic products where the Group manufactures for the patent originator, as generally set out in master supply agreements and/or the accompanying work / purchase orders.

Generics and Cosmetics business area manufactures peptide-based generics for the human and veterinary market, produced on an industrial scale following cGMP guidelines. Generally, PolyPeptide’s generic products are off-patent and manufactured for numerous generic customers. The business area also includes revenue generated from the sale of peptides used in cosmetics, primarily for anti-aging applications. Revenue is allocated to Generics and Cosmetics for product sales to generics manufacturers and non-originators (i.e., not the original patent holder) as well as cosmetics sales, each as generally set out in nonproprietary master supply agreements and/or the accompanying work / purchase orders.

Revenue by geographical area

Revenue is attributed to the individual geographical area based on the invoice address of the respective customer.

Revenue from contracts with customers

Revenues from Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) fully relate to the sale of goods and revenues from related services relate to the rendering of services. All revenues from contracts with customers classify as business-to-business.

Contract assets and contract liabilities

Contract assets

Contract liabilities

Contract costs

In 2024, the Group incurred costs of kEUR 1,563 in relation to setup activities required in order to satisfy future performance obligations (2023: nil). The costs (i) directly relate to two contracts with customers, (ii) have generated resources that will be used in satisfying the performance obligations in the contracts, and (iii) are expected to be recovered. Since the nature of the costs incurred is not within the scope of another IFRS standard, the costs incurred have been capitalized as an asset from costs to fulfil a contract in accordance with IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

The asset will be amortized in a way that reflects the expected progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligations. It is not expected that this will be on a straight-line basis over the terms of the contracts.

Other operating income

The research refund relates to a deduction on tax paid due to qualified research in chemistry.
The investment grants relate to improving air emission handling, etc.

Marketing and sales expenses

Research expenses

General and administrative expenses

Financial income

Financial expenses

Staff costs

An amount of kEUR 102,541 (2023: kEUR 93,451) relating to salaries and employee benefits has been included in cost of sales.

The average number of FTEs of the principal departments is as follows:

Average number of employees

Depreciation and amortization included in the income statement

Included in Cost of sales:

Included in General and administrative expenses: